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Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides

Lam. (1789)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Apiales Family: Araliaceae Genus: Hydrocotyle

lawn marsh pennywort

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Perennial slender herbs.

Stems: Stems slender, creeping, glabrous.

Roots: Roots fibrous, slender.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades not peltate, suborbicular, 0.5–1 cm wide. Surfaces glabrous. Margins shallowly 7-lobed, the lobes crenate, the apical crenation slightly larger than the lateral one. Palmately veined. Petioles not sheathing; slender, 0.5–2 cm long, glabrous. Stipules present.

Flowers: Flowers in umbels, not proliferous, 3–10 flowered, globose; peduncles filiform, longer than the leaves, 5–20 mm long, glabrous. involucre and involucel absent. Flowers bisexual (perfect). Calyx teeth minute or absent. Corolla of 5 petals, greenish white, yellowish white, or purplish, ovate. Stamens 5, inserted on an epigynous disk. Ovary inferior, 2-celled; ovules 1 per cells, anatropous; styles 2, usually swollen at base into a stylopodium. Styles usually longer than the conical to depressed stylopodium; carpophore absent.

Fruit: Fruit consisting of 2 mericarps connate by their faces (commissure); compressed to flattened laterally; mericarps rounded or acute dorsally; glabrous to pubescent; with ribs 5 acute subequal; filiform; distinct or indistinct; companion cells present in the pericarp; but vittae absent. Mericarps separating at maturity and usually suspended from a persistent axis (carpophore); or carpophore absent; vittae in pericarp. fruit orbicular; 1–1.5 mm in diameter; sessile; glabrous. Seeds 1 per mericarp; embryo small; endosperm cartilaginous. seed face plane to convex.

Ploidy: 2n = 24; 48; 64

Habitat: Naturalized in lawns and other moist; disturbed sites.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Pumehana Imada

Bibliography

Name Published In: Encycl. 3: 153 (1789)

Other References

Wagner, W. L., Herbst, D. R., & Sohmer, S. H. (1999). Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawai'i, Vols. 1 and 2 (No. Edn 2). University of Hawai'i and Bishop Museum Press.

Wagner et al. 1990:205 (K, O, M, H)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Scientific Name Authorship Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. hilo; hilo bay hotel courtyard Against fish pools, growing in the stones. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN witztum, a. collector number: s.n. Hawaii BISH 6/7/1995
2 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Hilo; Hilo Bay Hotel courtyard Against fish pools, growing in the stones. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Witztum, A. s.n. Hawaii BISH 6/7/1995
3 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. lyon arboretum, honolulu; by old stable site Semi-shady, wet. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN baker, r.f. collector number: 88 Oahu BISH 4/25/1975
4 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. lyon arboretum, manoa valley, oahu, hawaii PRESERVED_SPECIMEN crago, l.m. imada, c. collector number: 2005-220 Oahu BISH 11/1/2005
5 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. W Maui, Lahaina District, Honokahua, Kapalua Bay Golf Course PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Vladimir J. Krajina 660726004 Maui HAPI 7/26/1966
6 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. hilo bay hotel coartyard. Shady area under overhang of limestone bench. In water at high or low tide with large waves. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN a.witztum Kauai BISH 6/7/1995
7 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. waipahu cultural gardens, 94-695 waipahu st Growing in a large cement pot in partial shade. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lau, j. cory, c. collector number: 2121 Oahu BISH 3/10/1986
8 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Hilo; Hilo Bay Hotel coartyard Against fish pools, growing in the stones. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Witztum, A. s.n. Hawaii BISH 6/7/1995
9 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Boundary of Lihue & Kawaihau Districts. Area called "The Blue Hole" or "The Crater", headwaters of N fork of Wailua River, just N of Mt. Kawaikini and SE of Mt. Waialeale Covering exposed rocks in stream in deep, narrow valley surrounded by vertical cliffs; laced w/waterfalls; undisturbed low wet forest of small, stunted trees & shrubs (Metrosideros, Bobea, Perrottetia, etc.) w/ground cover of pteridophytes, Gunnera, Cyrtandra & Cyanea. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lorence, D.H. 6562 Kauai BISH 6/13/1990
10 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Lyon Arboretum, Manoa Valley, Oahu, Hawaii Growing as a ground cover, and out between pavers, behind main office, by trellis. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Crago, L.M. 2005-220 Oahu BISH 11/1/2005
11 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. honolulu, nuuanu valley In lawn. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN st.john, h. collector number: 24701 Oahu BISH 6/29/1951
12 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Keanae Arboretum, Keanae Growing in mown lawn. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hobdy, R.W. 1725 Maui BISH 1/6/1983
13 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. boundary of lihue & kawaihau districts. area called "the blue hole" or "the crater", headwaters of n fork of wailua river, just n of mt. kawaikini and se of mt. waialeale Permanently damp to periodically dry clay stream banks in Eugenia cumini-Leucaena leucocephala galley forest PRESERVED_SPECIMEN lorence, d.h. flynn, t.; wagner, w.l.; wood, k.r. collector number: 6562 Oahu BISH 6/13/1990
14 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Mr. Summer's yard; Kapapala, Kau A small patch in moist place. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hosaka, E.Y. 2006A Hawaii BISH 4/20/1938
15 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Boundary of Lihue & Kawaihau Districts, area called " The Blue Hole" or "The Crater", headwaters of N. fork of Wailua River, just N. of Mt. Kawaikini and SE of Mt. Waialale. Deep, narrow valley surrounded by vertical cliffs 600-700 m high laces with waterfalls. Undisturbed low wet forest of sm all, stunted trees & shrubs (e.g. Metrosideros, Bobea, Perrottetia, etc.) with ground cover of pteridophytes. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN David H. Lorence 6562 Kauai PTBG 6/13/1990
16 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Lawai Valley. Lawai-Kai Estate. In pond overflow next to trail leading to "Three Pools." PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Tim Flynn 1100 Kauai PTBG 5/16/1985
17 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. W. Maui, Honokahua, in lawn at Honolua Store. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Hank Oppenheimer H80010 Maui PTBG 8/11/2000
18 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. honolulu, by old stable site PRESERVED_SPECIMEN r. f. baker 88 Oahu US 4/25/1975
19 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Bird Park, Hawaii National Park, Kilauea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H.; Bean, R. S.; Hosaka, E. Y. 11254 Hawaii US 12/22/1931
20 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. kilauea, hawaii. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 1637 Oahu US 12/24/1922
21 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Kilauea, Hawaii. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 1637 US 12/24/2022
22 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. bird park, hawaii national park, kilauea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN h. st. john, r. bean & e. y. hosaka 11254 Hawaii US 12/22/1931
23 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Honolulu, by old stable site PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Baker, R. F. 88 Oahu US 4/25/1975
24 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. kilauea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN o. degener 1637 Hawaii US 12/24/1922
25 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Kilauea PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Degener, O. 1637 Oahu US 12/24/2022
26 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. mr. summer's yard; kapapala, kau PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hosaka, e.y. collector number: 2006a Oahu BISH 4/20/1938
27 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Waiahole Ditch Trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Meebold, A. s.n. Oahu BISH 6/1/1932
28 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. keanae arboretum, keanae Growing in mown lawn. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN hobdy, r.w. collector number: 1725 Maui BISH 1/6/1983
29 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Lyon Arboretum, Honolulu; by old stable site Semi-shady, wet. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Baker, R.F. 88 Oahu BISH 4/25/1975
30 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Waipahu Cultural Gardens, 94-695 Waipahu St Growing in a large cement pot in partial shade. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN Lau, J. 2121 Oahu BISH 3/10/1986
31 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. Honolulu, Nuuanu Valley In lawn. PRESERVED_SPECIMEN St. John, H. 24701 Oahu BISH 6/29/1951
32 Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. waiahole ditch trail PRESERVED_SPECIMEN meebold, a. collector number: s.n. Oahu BISH 6/1/1932
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